Salvation Army History >
The Eastbourne Riots
The
Eastbourne Riots
An Historic Victory For The Salvation Army
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Trouble
for The Salvation Army in Eastbourne was foreshadowed by town
mayor elect, William Epps Morrison who declared that the council
should do everything possible to put down The Salvation Army
which was opposed altogether to the spirit of true religion. He
even added that the council must resort to the support of the
Skeleton Army to bring about the suppression of the Army.
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The Skeleton
Army attacking the
Barracks at nearby Worthing
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Furthermore, the mayor actually went as far as asking the home
secretary for permission to leave the Salvationists to the fury
of the mob. Permission was very properly denied. The
Salvation Army opened fire in Eastbourne on 9th January 1890.
Conflict with the town council was not long in coming. On
September 8th Captain Emily Goss, together with other
Salvationists, appeared before the magistrates charged with
singing in the street. The first attempt by the council to
attack the Army ended in defeat when the case was dismissed. The
Bandmaster of the Household Troops Band, Staff Captain Appleby,
was charged on 24th August with being associated with a
procession and a band of music. He was not brought before the
court until October when he was found |
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guilty and fined £1 on
each count with 15/- costs, or seven days imprisonment. By
May 1891 a corps band had been formed and the mayor was informed
and a compromise suggested. The band would agree to play on
Sundays in procession only in certain streets. On 11th May the
council passed a resolution uncompromisingly rejecting the
proposal. The conflict continued to escalate and in June 1891
local magistrates fined Captain Bob Bell and four soldiers £5
or a month in prison. They chose to serve the prison sentence.
Just one week later thirty Salvationists appeared in court. As
they all refused to agree to abide by the draconian regulations
being enforced on them, the maximum penalty was imposed and they
were jailed.
Commissioner Eva Booth visited Eastbourne from 25th to 28th June
and conducted three meetings on the Sunday. In an effort to
bring about a peaceful settlement to the conflict, she visited
the mayor and councillor chambers. Her efforts sadly failed and
every effort at compromise was soundly rejected.
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Upon his release from jail, Captain Bell and his comrades were
welcomed by some 2000 Salvationists from London and the south of
England. They marched through the town led by Commandant H. H.
Booth, Commissioner Eva Booth and Commissioner Howard. The day
ended with the Salvationists being attacked by a large violent
mob.
From that day on a steady stream of Salvationists flowed to
and from Lewes prison. The ill treatment of the Salvationists by
the 'Skeleton Army' continued to escalate. Incited by the mayor,
the mob, often numbering over 7000, were only to willing to
attack at every available opportunity. The
Sunday following Captain Bell's release from jail, nine bandsmen
from Camberwell, London, visited Eastbourne in support of their
comrades.
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Cover
commemorating the centenary
of the Eastbourne judgement
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On the order of the mayor they were soon arrested and
were committed for trial by local magistrates charged with conspiracy
and unlawful assembly. Appearing at the Sussex Assizes at Lewes
on 8th August, they were defended by Mr. H. H. Asquith, Q.C.,
M.P., who was later to become Prime Minister. The case was sent
to the Central Criminal Court for trial on 2nd December where he
jury found the bandsmen guilty of the charge of unlawful
assembly. The judge, Mr. Justice Hawkins, refused to accept the
verdict, stating that walking carrying musical instruments could
in no way be considered unlawful. December
4th saw a proclamation
posted in Eastbourne signed by the mayor and town clerk in
another attempt to quell the Army's activities. It was withdrawn
when local Methodists announced that they too would contest the
contents of the proclamation to the bitter end. Despite this,
both the Skeleton Army and indeed the police continued to hand
out brutal treatment to the local Salvationists.
Reviewing the case of the Camberwell Bandsmen on January 27th
1892, the High Court of the Queen's Bench Division, all five
judges decided that there was no evidence on which a reasonable
jury could have acted in finding the defendants guilty of an
unlawful assembly. They also pointed out that any violent action
by the mob was not only unwarranted, but was itself punishable.
On March 10th 1892 Parliament voted by 269 votes to 122 to
repeal the clause in the law that had in a large part been
responsible for the riots not only in Eastbourne but in a number
of other towns and cities. It was not until 1st September that
the Repeal Bill became law, and rightly the Salvationists
claimed a great victory. At Eastbourne Corps, by the end of
November, a period of 5 months, there had been 80 seekers, 35
recruits and 28 new soldiers had been enrolled.
The coucil tried to introduce by-laws to prevent the Salvation
Army grom holding open air meetings and processions in the town.
Thankfully the Home Secretary refused to approve them. At not a
little cost, particularly to the Eastbourne Salvationists, The
Army had won the right to proclaim the Word Of God on the
streets.
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